邓石如(1743年—1805年),初名琰,字石如,清代篆刻家、书法家,邓派篆刻创始人。清代著名书法家、篆刻家、金石学家,篆刻『邓派』的创始人。他以秦李斯、唐李阳冰为宗,稍参隶意,称为神品。性廉介,遍游名山水,以书刻自给。有《完白山人篆刻偶存》存世。
邓石如的书法艺术成就主要表现在篆、隶的造诣。其篆书初学李斯、李阳冰,后学《禅国山碑》、《三公山碑》、《天发神谶碑》、石鼓文以及彝器款识、汉碑额等。其字体微方,接近秦汉瓦当和汉碑额,突破了千年来玉箸篆的藩篱,别开生面。其隶书师法汉碑,然结体变其扁方为长方,笔画改其飘逸为凝重,章法异其严整而磅礴,使清代隶书风格独具意象。邓石如在其他书体上也造诣精深。其楷书取法六朝碑版,兼取唐代欧阳询、欧阳通父子二人体势,方圆笔互用,结字茂密,有斩钉截铁、力拔千钧之态。其行草书主要吸收晋、唐草法,笔法凝重迟涩、善用飞白,得老辣苍劲、烟雨苍茫之势。如此出类拔萃,是以其书法艺术在当时就被人推为清代第一。
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邓石如《篆书千字文》起笔时方时圆,逆顺结合。收笔则孕尖于圆,往往在匀力运笔至末端时略提后锋露即收,或虚回收笔,既得劲利之健而无虚尖之病。一些方收之笔,在笔至画末时戛然猝提收笔,有斩钉截铁的果断之力。行笔中,中锋、侧锋、快慢、提按、转折、驻笔、平移等皆有,特别是在弯曲之处,或用提按之法,得圆畅之意;又或先停后转法,成外圆内方;又或顿折之法,而见方劲。一字之中往往多法并用,达到婉通与精密的有机结合。邓石如的篆书笔法,大大的丰富了小篆书写的过于单一,为篆书打开了一方新天地。
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